Al Buraimi (Arabic: البريمي‎) is the newest governorate of Oman which was split from the Ad Dhahirah region. Until October, 2006, the area was part of Ad Dhahirah region. At this time, the new governorate was created from the wilayats Al Buraymi and Mahdah. A third wilayat, Al Sinaihah was created from parts of the two.

Buraimi was part of Oman from early historical times from around 600 AD the Azd tribes of Oman occupied the area. In 1750 the founder of the Al Said dynasty governed the town. The late President of the United Arab Emirates, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, was born in Abu Dhabi but was brought to Al Ain by his mother, Shaikah Sultana, following the assassination of his father. Zayed was raised in a fortified house in the Muaiji district of Al Ain. For a list of rulers of Abu Dhabi and the other emirates that make up the United Arab Emirates.

The community of Buraimi is probably best known as the result of an incident known as the "Buraimi Dispute", an episode that contributed to the confirmation of Zayed as the most astute leader in the region.

However, the Buraimi Dispute had very little to do with Buraimi. The dispute arose from Saudi Arabia's claim, in 1951, of sovereignty over a large part of Abu Dhabi's newly discovered oil fields, indeed the whole coast of Abu Dhabi including Abu Dhabi town, and an area in a 20-mile circle of the centre of the Buraimi Oasis. The claim was suggested and enthusiastically backed by the USA, in support of their oil interests in Saudi Arabia. In 1952 a small group of Saudi Arabia's army entered Abu Dhabi and occupied the Oasis. A standstill agreement was brokered by the UN, during which each side would prepare its case for international arbitration. Saudi Arabia embarked on a campaign of bribery to obtain declarations of tribal loyalty on which its case was based. This campaign eventually reached Shaikh Zayed bin Sultan aal Nahayyan, brother of Sh Shakhbout, Ruler of Abu Dhabi whom he overthrew in 1966. Zayed reportedly turned down an offer of $20,000,000, a very large fortune in those days. In 1955 the arbitration began in Geneva only to collapse immediately after the British delegate, acting for Abu Dhabi, produced evidence of the bribery, upon which the Saudis walked out. At the request of Abu Dhabi, The Saudi party was eventually attacked in 1955, with no casualties apart from one British officer, and overwhelmed by a squadron of the Trucial Oman Scouts, formed for the purpose by the British and based in Sharjah. They were escorted back to the Saudi border in their own vehicles, and the dispute came to an end.